Sir John French: An Authentic Biography — Reading Notes

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In Category - Biographies
Chisholm, Cecil, 1888?-1961 Project Gutenberg 2006 Not confirmed
French, John Denton Pinkstone, Earl of Ypres, 1852-1925; Marshals -- Great Britain -- Biography Readers of public-domain and historical texts
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Edition facts

Words 36,451
Reading time 159 min
Text sections 6

Sir John French: An Authentic Biography — Reading Notes can be approached with a clearer sense of reading commitment from its source measurements: 36,451 words, 2 hr 39 min estimated reading time, and 6 detected text sections.

The text analysis averages about 17.4 words per sentence, while the detected sections provide another way to judge how the source is divided.

Project Gutenberg metadata also associates the work with “French, John Denton Pinkstone, Earl of Ypres, 1852-1925,” connecting these edition facts with the source record’s subject description.

Cecil Chisholm's 1914 biography of Field-Marshal Sir John French, based on firsthand accounts, reveals a shy, nervous sitter who was also a cautious, parsimonious commander. The excerpts focus on French's cavalry tactics in the Boer War, including his turning movements and the famous relief of Kimberley, while hinting at his role in the early Great War.
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Read the Text

Warde was one of three out of a field of four hundred to live through a Warde Union run which was responsible for the death of six hunters before the day was over.

Young French also became a very good whip. Along with Colonel H.M.A. Warde--now the Chief Constable of Kent--he had a thrilling adventure in coach driving. When the regiment first started a coach it was necessary to bring it from Dublin to the Curragh. The two subalterns, neither of whom had ever driven four horses before, commandeered four chargers belonging to brother officers. One of the animals was a notorious kicker. But they took them up to Dublin and drove the coach twenty-eight miles down to the Curragh next day, arriving there alive and with no broken harness!

At that time French differed from his fellow officers probably rather in degree than in temperament. Although a very keen sportsman he did not put sport first. Colonel C.E. Warde, one of his closest friends, gives the following description of the man. "Although he never attempted to go to the Staff College he was continually studying military works, and often, when his brother subalterns were at polo or other afternoon amusements, he would remain in his room reading Von Schmidt, Jomini, or other books on strategy. I recollect once travelling by rail with him in our subaltern days, when after observing the country for some time, he broke out: 'There is where I should put my artillery.' 'There is where I should put my cavalry' and so on to the journey's end."

In spite of these evidences of a soldier's eye for country, there is nothing to show that French had developed any abnormal devotion for his work. He was interested but not absorbed. In 1880 a captaincy and his marriage probably did something to make him take his career more seriously. His wife, Lady French, was a daughter of Mr. R.W. Selby-Lowndes, of Bletchley, Bucks. They have two sons and a daughter.

A few months after his marriage he accepted an adjutancy in the Northumberland Yeomanry. For four uneventful years he was stationed at Newcastle, where the work was monotonous and the opportunities almost _nil_.

[Page Heading: THE WAITING GAME]

Naturally the young man fretted very much at being left behind with the Yeomanry when his regiment was ordered to embark for Egypt in 1882. And he never rested until he was allowed to follow it out in 1884. It was in many ways a new 19th which the young officer re-joined in Egypt. The regiment hurried out in 1882 had at last come under a commander of real genius in Colonel Percy Barrow, C.B., and in that commander French was to find his first real military inspiration. It is difficult to judge what his future might have been but for this one man and the Nile Expedition, which proved the turning point in French's career as it did in that of his regiment.

Then, as ever, French was a man who had to wait for his opportunities. He was thirty-two years of age before he saw this, his first piece of active service. Where Kitchener found, or made, opportunities for military experience, French was content to wait the turn of events. So it has been all through his life. He has never forestalled Destiny; he has simply accepted its call. But when an opportunity presented itself he always seized it, and the Nile Expedition was no exception to the rule. Major French, without Staff College training, without the usual diplomas, was to prove himself once and for all a master tactician.

WITH THE NILE EXPEDITION

A Forlorn Hope--Scouting in the Desert--The Battle of Abu Klea--Metammeh--The Death of Gordon--A Dangerous Retreat--"Major French and His Thirteen Troopers."

Sir John French's first experience of actual warfare was a bitter one. If ever the British Government bungled one of their military enterprises more thoroughly than another, it was the Nile Expedition of 1884-5. What began as a forlorn hope ended in complete failure, and in three short months French experienced the miseries of retreat, of failure, and of work under an invertebrate War Office.

Cecil Chisholm's biography of Field-Marshal Sir John French, published in 1915, opens with an introduction by Field-Marshal Sir Evelyn Wood, who praises French as the driving force of tactical instruction in the British Army for the previous twelve years. Wood emphasizes French's practical cavalry spirit, noting that he taught cavalrymen to fight on foot when necessary. The biography itself draws on firsthand impressions from French's personal friends, offering a contemporary portrait of the general during the Boer War and the early months of the Great War.

A Shy Sitter and a Cautious Commander

The excerpts reveal a striking contrast between French's public reputation and his private demeanor. During the Boer War, a painter's daughter describes French as "quite the shyest man in the British army," who sat bolt upright reading his paper upside down through sheer nervousness. Yet the same man is credited with extreme caution and parsimony in the matter of human life, as seen in his handling of the Poplar Grove engagement. Chisholm notes that a more ruthless leader might have captured Boer guns, but French prioritized preserving his men and horses over glory.

Turning Movements and Cavalry Tactics

The narrative repeatedly highlights French's signature turning movements. At Kroonstad, he cleverly forced the enemy to surrender by outflanking them, and at the Vaal River he kept ahead of Lord Roberts to enter Johannesburg first. The excerpts also describe a dangerous ambush near Pretoria, where French calmly ordered "Make room for the guns" and deployed horse artillery to beat off the Boers after a thirty-two-mile march. These episodes illustrate his reliance on mobility and artillery support, even as the text acknowledges the treacherous kopjes and gorges that made cavalry operations hazardous.

The Boer War Campaigns in Detail

Chisholm provides a step-by-step account of French's Boer War service, from the relief of Kimberley to the advance on Bloemfontein and Pretoria. The excerpts describe the pursuit of De Wet and Delarey, noting that French's caution prevented their capture. After Poplar Grove, French drove the enemy from Driefontein on March 10, leading to the surrender of Bloemfontein on March 13. The six-week halt for remounts is mentioned, during which French's men patrolled constantly. The text also notes French's role in cutting railway communications north of Pretoria, a task that required a wide detour through dangerous country.

Readers should note that this biography was written during the war, with an introduction dated November 10, 1914, and thus reflects contemporary perspectives rather than later historical assessments. The excerpts focus heavily on the Boer War, with only brief references to French's command in 1914. The text includes occasional sidelights, such as the painter's anecdote, that humanize the general beyond his military reputation.

Reading about Sir John French, I kept thinking how quiet figures carry such weight—his shyness and caution made his daring marches feel almost personal. That same sense stayed with me in The Story of Wellington — Key Ideas to Explore, where a reserved man’s choices ripple through history. Sometimes the stillest hearts leave the loudest echoes, don’t they?

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